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“文言+作文”系列试题(高三总复习 人教版)
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“文言+作文”系列练习出题人:洪都中学杨翠云出题思路:文言文向来是让学生头痛的一道题,随着新课程改革,为了中华民族文化的传承,其分值居高不下,且有越来越大的趋势。很多同学都反映文言文那么长,考试时间又那么短,考试时总感觉无从下手,其实,文言文考查的知识点都在我们日常学习的文章里,只是大多学生都害怕学习
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“文言+作文”系列练习
出题人:洪都中学  杨翠云
出题思路:文言文向来是让学生头痛的一道题,随着新课程改革,为了中华民族文化的传承,其分值居高不下,且有越来越大的趋势。很多同学都反映文言文那么长,考试时间又那么短,考试时总感觉无从下手,其实,文言文考查的知识点都在我们日常学习的文章里,只是大多学生都害怕学习文言文。文言小故事因为简短故事性强,能够引起学生的阅读兴趣。每个小故事题目不多,可一天一篇,可在高考复习的第一轮做,也可放在平时做。我希望通过阅读文言小故事的方式,一则,积累一定量的文言实虚词,提高学生的阅读文言的能力;二则,扩大学生的视野,为作文积累一定量的素材;三则,以故事中的人物的优良品质感染学生,培养学生的人文素养。
后附《文言小故事80篇(原文与译文)》,以(一)、(二)、(三)作为范例,有心的老师可以继续出题。

(一)
班超(32—102年),东汉著名的军事家和外交家。成名经典:“不入虎穴焉得虎子。”
西北方匈奴的不断入侵中土,是两汉四百多年来在边境上一直存在的隐患。如何正确处理这个问题,关系到汉代政治经济的发展和与西域各国的经济文化交流,因此为历朝统治者所重视。班超(32—102)正是在这种历史条件下出现的一位杰出将领。他以非凡的政治和军事才能,在西域的三十一年中,正确地执行了汉王朝“断匈奴右臂”的政策,自始至终立足于争取多数,分化、瓦解和驱逐匈奴势力。在这期间,班超两次出使西域,凭借智勇,先后使鄯善、于阗、疏勒三个王国恢复了与汉朝的友好关系;运用“以夷制夷”的策略,使西域五十多个国家归附了汉王朝,实现了立功异域的理想。不仅维护了祖国的安全,而且加强了与西域各族的联系,为我国多民族国家的形成、巩固和发展,作出了卓越贡献。
班超投笔从戎
班超字仲升,扶风平陵人,徐令彪之少子也。为人有大志,不修细节。然内孝谨,居家常执勤苦,不耻劳辱。有口辩,而涉猎书传。永平五年。兄固被召诣校书郎,超与母随至洛阳。家贫,常为官佣书以供养。久劳苦,尝辍业投笔叹曰:“大丈夫无它志略,犹当效傅介子、张骞立功异域,以取封侯,安能久事笔研间乎?”左右皆笑之。超曰:“小子安知壮士志哉!”
1、 解释下列字词
 
修:修八尺有余                       
重修岳阳楼                      
好修夸以为常                    
孙子膑脚,《兵法》修列                      
严大国之威以修敬也              
         况修短随化,终期于尽             
耻:                     
事:                    
书:                      
效:                     
辍:                     
修文德以来之                
 
投笔从戎                                                                          
2、 翻译全文并写一段“观点+(所读原文)事例+分析推衍+结论”的感受
翻译:                                                                      
                                                                             
                                                                             
                                                                            
                                                                             
                                                                              
                                                                             
感受:                                                                                                                                                
                                                                             
                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                                            
                                                                               
                                                                           
                                                                            
                                                                             
                                                                             
                                                                             
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                                                            
                                                                             
                                                                            
                                                                             
                                                                            
                                                                             
                                                                            
                                                                              
                                                                              
 
(二)

宗悫是南北朝时期的人,他从小就有远大的志向,精心刻苦地练武,直到练成了才对他哥哥说:“我有了本事,就可以乘长风破万里浪。”(“乘风破浪”这句成语,就是从这里来的)。后来宗悫真的成了一位赫赫有名的征西大将军。
宗悫(què)乘风破浪
宗悫字元干,南阳涅阳人也。叔父炳高尚不仕。悫年少时,炳问其志。悫曰:“愿乘长风破万里浪。”炳曰:“汝若不富贵,必破我门户。”兄泌娶妻,始入门,夜被劫,悫年十四,挺身与贼相拒,十余人皆披散,不得入室。时天下无事,士人并以文艺为业。炳素高尚,诸子群从皆好学文典,而悫任气好武,故不为乡曲所称。
3、 解释下列字词
 
若:汝若不富贵                
其翼若垂天之云            
不若君之美                
若夫日出而林霏开          
桑之未落,其叶沃若         
         若入前为寿,寿毕,请以剑舞             
高尚:                     
文艺:                    
破:                      
为:                     
故:                     
 
乘风破浪:                                                                         
4、 翻译全文并写一段“观点+(所读原文)事例+分析推衍+结论”的感受
翻译:                                                                      
                                                                             
                                                                             
                                                                            
                                                                             
                                                                              
                                                                           
                                                                           
感受:                                                                                                                                                
                                                                             
                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                                            
                                                                               
                                                                            
                                                                             
                                                                             
                                                                             
                                                                                
                                                                                
                                                                               
                                                                                
                                                                              
                                                                               
                                                                             
                                                                                   
                                                                             
                                                                            
                                                                             
                                                                            
                                                                              
                                                                              
                                                                             
                                                                                 
                                                                              
                                                                                 
                                                                             
                                                                            
                                                                             
                                                                               
                                                                            
                                                                              
                                                                                
                                                                                  
                                                                              
(三)

祖逖,东晋名将,有志于恢复中原而致力北伐的民族英雄。自小为人豁落,讲义气,好打不平,深得邻里好评。他常常以他兄长的名义,把家里的谷米、布匹捐给受灾的贫苦农民。永嘉五年(311)匈奴族刘曜率汉军攻陷洛阳,晋怀帝被俘,中原大乱,祖逖率亲邻几百家避难南下,甘苦与共,后上书司马睿,力请北伐。祖逖领导的北伐虽然没有完全取得胜利,但打击了胡人气焰,使东晋王朝统治得以巩固。他为国献身的精神,长留青史,千百年来一直受到人们的敬仰和赞颂。
祖逖闻鸡起舞
初,范阳祖逖,少有大志,与刘琨俱为司州主簿。同寝,中夜闻鸡鸣,蹴琨觉曰:“此非恶声也!”因起舞。及渡江,左丞相睿以为军谘祭酒。逖居京口,纠合骁健,言于睿曰:“晋室之乱,非上无道而下怨叛也,由宗室争权,自相鱼肉,遂使戎狄乘隙,毒流中土。今遗民既遭残贼,人思自奋,大王诚能命将出师,使如逖者统之以复中原,郡国豪杰,必有望风响应者矣!”睿素无北伐之志,以逖为奋威将军、豫州刺史,给千人廪,布三千匹,不给铠仗,使自召募。逖将其部曲百余家渡江,中流,击楫而誓曰:“祖逖不能清中原而复济者,有如大江!”遂屯淮阴,起冶铸兵,募得二千余人而后进。
5、 解释下列字词
 
诚:大王诚能命将出师                       
愿陛下矜愍愚诚                      
臣诚知不如徐公美                    
     将:                     
     鱼肉:                
为:                     
因:                    
及:                      
纠合:                     
素:                     
 
闻鸡起舞:                                                                          
6、 翻译全文并写一段“观点+(所读原文)事例+分析推衍+结论”的感受
翻译:                                                                      
                                                                             
                                                                             
                                                                            
                                                                             
                                                                              
                                                                            
                                                                             
感受: (183.60.98.6)

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