《岳阳楼记》 《醉翁亭记》教学案(苏教版九年级（上）文言文复习)
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 复习篇目： 《岳阳楼记》 《醉翁亭记》

学习目标：1、掌握重点文言词语的含义及其用法

          2、能准确翻译重点语句

          3、能运用课内文言知识阅读课外文言文

预习要求：1、整理、记忆两篇文言文中重点词语的意义及用法  2、能准确翻译课文

教学过程：一、知识点归类

A 《岳阳楼记》

一、填空。

1、《岳阳楼记》，作者            ，字           ，        （朝代）文学家。        是他的谥号。

2、赞美滕子京政绩的文字是_______        ______   _ ，表明作者写作缘由的句子                          ，“前人之述”指的是                         ，从空间上写洞庭湖胜境的语句是                                ，从时间上写洞庭湖气象万千的语句是                                  。作者在文中表达自己阔大胸襟和远大的政治抱负的句子分别是                                                    。 

二、重要词语归类解释。

1、圈画出句中的通假字并解释。

百废具兴                              属予作文                   

2、用横线画出活用的词语并解释。

谪守巴陵郡                              长烟一空                

先天下之忧而忧                          后天下之乐而乐                 

3、找出古今异义的词语并解释。

气象万千                             

4、解释下列句中常见的文言词：

越明年                       增其旧制              予观夫           胜状             

衔远山               浩浩汤汤                 横无际涯              谪守          

此则岳阳楼之大观       、        、            前人之述备矣          

迁客 骚人              、                      得无异乎                  

连月不开              浊浪排空              日星隐耀           山岳潜形          

商旅不行              樯倾楫摧        、              薄暮冥冥                        

登斯楼                则有去国怀乡                     作文以记之                   

忧谗畏讥        、               至若                  春和景明                    

波澜不惊            一碧万顷               沙鸥翔集               

岸芷汀兰         、                   而或长烟一空              、                 

静影沉璧               渔歌互答               宠辱偕忘            、              

把酒临风          、             予尝求古仁人之心           、                 

或异二者之为                   居庙堂之高则忧其民              微斯人               

吾谁与归                是进亦忧          、                 退亦忧                

5、一词多义

赋    刻唐贤今人诗赋                 岁赋其二                 复若赋                  

通    北通巫峡                                  政通人和                        

极    此乐何极                  南极潇湘                感极而悲者矣                    

一    一碧万顷                  长烟一空                洞庭一湖                  

观    予观夫巴陵胜状                        此则岳阳楼之大观也                         

而    感极而悲者矣                          然则何时而乐耶                       

之    属予作文以记之                        前人之述备矣                                 

先天下之忧而忧                        庙堂之高                               

会    多会于此                              会宾客大宴                                   

则    处江湖之远则忧其君            然则何时而乐耶         此则岳阳楼之大观      

心    则有心旷神怡                           予尝求古仁人之心                      

其    增其旧制               其喜洋洋者矣                 其必曰                  

国    则有去国怀乡                              死国可乎                       

以    不以己悲                                  属予作文以记之                    

四、翻译下列句子：                                   

1、先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。

                                                                                       

2、刻唐贤今人诗赋于其上。

                                                                                           

3、予尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为，何哉？

                                                                                                    

4、居庙堂之高则忧其民，处江湖之远则忧其君。

                                                                                                                

5、微斯人，吾谁与归？

                                                                                                

6、不以物喜，不以己悲。

                                                                                      

B 《醉翁亭记》

一、填空默写。

1、《醉翁亭记》的作者是         ，字永叔，号     ，又号      居士，            (朝代)史学家、文学家，是“唐宋八大家”之一。

2、本文中与“项庄舞剑，意在沛公”有异曲同工之妙的名句                         。    

3、文中描写“山间四时”的句子是：                             ，                

                        ，                           ，                       。

4、古诗词中有许多描绘春、夏、秋、冬的佳句，请各举一例。

春景                                      夏景                                   

秋景                                      冬景                                    

5、点明文章主旨的句子                                                        。

6、列举四个出自本文的成语                                                    。   

三、解释词语

1、圈出活用的词语并解释

山行六七里               有亭翼然临于泉上者                  名之者谁               

故自号曰“醉翁”也            太守之乐其乐也               杂然而前陈者          

2、解释加点词语

其西南诸峰           林壑尤美           蔚然而深秀者              负者            

饮少辄醉             得之心           而寓之酒               云归而岩穴暝          

野芳发而幽香                    伛偻 提携                        临溪而渔            

泉香而酒洌               山肴野蔌             杂然而前陈者           

非丝非竹                    弈者胜            觥筹交错           苍颜白发          

已而夕阳在山           树林阴翳           鸣声上下             游人去            

3、一词多义

谓 太守自谓也                          秀  望之蔚然而深秀者              

   太守谓谁                                佳木秀而繁阴                  

归 云归而岩穴暝                         霏  日出而林霏开                 

太守归而宾客从也                         若夫霪雨霏霏                 

吾与谁归                            环  环滁皆山也                       

乐 山水之乐                                 环而攻之                        

   不知太守之乐其乐                     酿泉 酿泉为酒                     

   人知从太守游而乐                          酿泉也                       

名 名之者谁                             意 醉翁之意                       

   卷卷有爷名                              意暇甚                         

   遂以名楼                                意将隧入                       

   不能名其一处                            略无慕艳意                     

颓然 颓然乎其间者                       乎 颓然乎其间者                   

     颓然碧窈                              得无异乎           吾尝疑乎是             

之 望之蔚然                             而 朝而往，暮而归                  

   得之心而寓之酒                          蔚然而深秀                      

   而不知太守之乐其乐                      而不知太守之乐其乐               

   山水之乐                                水落而石出                      

四、翻译句子

1、醉翁之意不在酒，在乎山水之间也。

                                                                                  

2、山水之乐，得之于心而寓之于酒也。

                                                                                  

3、野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴。

                                                                                  

4、人知从太守游而乐，而不知太守之乐其乐也。

                                                                                  

二、问题探究

1、《岳阳楼记》以精练的语言，描绘了不同天气中的洞庭湖景色，又用写景与抒情想紧密结合的方法，描述了迁客骚人的种种“览物之情”。想想，古仁人为什么会“异二者之为”？

                                                                                    

                                                                                   

2、、《醉翁亭记》和《岳阳楼记》表达的思想感情有什么相同和不同？

                                                                                  

                                                                                

2、范仲淹在《岳阳楼记》中写这三段文字是为了借题发挥引出议论，阐明自己“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的政治抱负；与他同时代的欧阳修则在《醉翁亭记》中以“乐”字贯穿全篇，抒写情怀。请将下面两个句子补充完整，要求补写后的句子能分别体现这两篇文章的中心。（每句填7个字）

①范仲淹                                                                    。

②欧阳修                                                                    。           

 

张向峰

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